• 개요
@angular/forms

NgModel

directive
stable

Creates a FormControl instance from a domain model and binds it to a form control element.

API

  
    class NgModel extends NgControl implements OnChanges ,OnDestroy {}

constructor

NgModel
@paramparentControlContainer
@paramvalidators(Validator | ValidatorFn)[]
@paramasyncValidators(AsyncValidatorFn | AsyncValidator)[]
@paramvalueAccessorsControlValueAccessor[]
@param_changeDetectorRefChangeDetectorRef | null | undefined
@paramcallSetDisabledStateSetDisabledStateOption | undefined
@returnsNgModel

control

FormControl<any>

name

string

Tracks the name bound to the directive. If a parent form exists, it uses this name as a key to retrieve this control's value.

isDisabled

boolean

Tracks whether the control is disabled.

model

any

Tracks the value bound to this directive.

options

{ name?: string | undefined; standalone?: boolean | undefined; updateOn?: FormHooks | undefined; }

Tracks the configuration options for this ngModel instance.

name: An alternative to setting the name attribute on the form control element. See the example for using NgModel as a standalone control.

standalone: When set to true, the ngModel will not register itself with its parent form, and acts as if it's not in the form. Defaults to false. If no parent form exists, this option has no effect.

updateOn: Defines the event upon which the form control value and validity update. Defaults to 'change'. Possible values: 'change' | 'blur' | 'submit'.

update

EventEmitter<any>

Event emitter for producing the ngModelChange event after the view model updates.

path

string[]

Returns an array that represents the path from the top-level form to this control. Each index is the string name of the control on that level.

formDirective

any

The top-level directive for this control if present, otherwise null.

viewToModelUpdate

void

Sets the new value for the view model and emits an ngModelChange event.

@paramnewValueany

The new value emitted by ngModelChange.

@returnsvoid

valueAccessor

ControlValueAccessor | null

The value accessor for the control

value

any

Reports the value of the control if it is present, otherwise null.

valid

boolean | null

Reports whether the control is valid. A control is considered valid if no validation errors exist with the current value. If the control is not present, null is returned.

invalid

boolean | null

Reports whether the control is invalid, meaning that an error exists in the input value. If the control is not present, null is returned.

pending

boolean | null

Reports whether a control is pending, meaning that async validation is occurring and errors are not yet available for the input value. If the control is not present, null is returned.

disabled

boolean | null

Reports whether the control is disabled, meaning that the control is disabled in the UI and is exempt from validation checks and excluded from aggregate values of ancestor controls. If the control is not present, null is returned.

enabled

boolean | null

Reports whether the control is enabled, meaning that the control is included in ancestor calculations of validity or value. If the control is not present, null is returned.

errors

ValidationErrors | null

Reports the control's validation errors. If the control is not present, null is returned.

pristine

boolean | null

Reports whether the control is pristine, meaning that the user has not yet changed the value in the UI. If the control is not present, null is returned.

dirty

boolean | null

Reports whether the control is dirty, meaning that the user has changed the value in the UI. If the control is not present, null is returned.

touched

boolean | null

Reports whether the control is touched, meaning that the user has triggered a blur event on it. If the control is not present, null is returned.

status

string | null

Reports the validation status of the control. Possible values include: 'VALID', 'INVALID', 'DISABLED', and 'PENDING'. If the control is not present, null is returned.

untouched

boolean | null

Reports whether the control is untouched, meaning that the user has not yet triggered a blur event on it. If the control is not present, null is returned.

statusChanges

any

Returns a multicasting observable that emits a validation status whenever it is calculated for the control. If the control is not present, null is returned.

valueChanges

any

Returns a multicasting observable of value changes for the control that emits every time the value of the control changes in the UI or programmatically. If the control is not present, null is returned.

validator

ValidatorFn | null

Synchronous validator function composed of all the synchronous validators registered with this directive.

asyncValidator

AsyncValidatorFn | null

Asynchronous validator function composed of all the asynchronous validators registered with this directive.

reset

void

Resets the control with the provided value if the control is present.

@paramvalueany
@returnsvoid

hasError

boolean

Reports whether the control with the given path has the error specified.

@paramerrorCodestring

The code of the error to check

@parampathstring | (string | number)[] | undefined

A list of control names that designates how to move from the current control to the control that should be queried for errors.

@returnsboolean
Usage notes

For example, for the following FormGroup:

          
form = new FormGroup({  address: new FormGroup({ street: new FormControl() })});

The path to the 'street' control from the root form would be 'address' -> 'street'.

It can be provided to this method in one of two formats:

  1. An array of string control names, e.g. ['address', 'street']
  2. A period-delimited list of control names in one string, e.g. 'address.street'

If no path is given, this method checks for the error on the current control.

getError

any

Reports error data for the control with the given path.

@paramerrorCodestring

The code of the error to check

@parampathstring | (string | number)[] | undefined

A list of control names that designates how to move from the current control to the control that should be queried for errors.

@returnsany
Usage notes

For example, for the following FormGroup:

          
form = new FormGroup({  address: new FormGroup({ street: new FormControl() })});

The path to the 'street' control from the root form would be 'address' -> 'street'.

It can be provided to this method in one of two formats:

  1. An array of string control names, e.g. ['address', 'street']
  2. A period-delimited list of control names in one string, e.g. 'address.street'

Description

Creates a FormControl instance from a domain model and binds it to a form control element.

The FormControl instance tracks the value, user interaction, and validation status of the control and keeps the view synced with the model. If used within a parent form, the directive also registers itself with the form as a child control.

This directive is used by itself or as part of a larger form. Use the ngModel selector to activate it.

It accepts a domain model as an optional Input. If you have a one-way binding to ngModel with [] syntax, changing the domain model's value in the component class sets the value in the view. If you have a two-way binding with [()] syntax (also known as 'banana-in-a-box syntax'), the value in the UI always syncs back to the domain model in your class.

To inspect the properties of the associated FormControl (like the validity state), export the directive into a local template variable using ngModel as the key (ex: #myVar="ngModel"). You can then access the control using the directive's control property. However, the most commonly used properties (like valid and dirty) also exist on the control for direct access. See a full list of properties directly available in AbstractControlDirective.

Exported by

Usage Notes

Using ngModel on a standalone control

The following examples show a simple standalone control using ngModel:

          
import {Component} from '@angular/core';@Component({  selector: 'example-app',  template: `    <input [(ngModel)]="name" #ctrl="ngModel" required />    <p>Value: {{ name }}</p>    <p>Valid: {{ ctrl.valid }}</p>    <button (click)="setValue()">Set value</button>  `,  standalone: false,})export class SimpleNgModelComp {  name: string = '';  setValue() {    this.name = 'Nancy';  }}

When using the ngModel within <form> tags, you'll also need to supply a name attribute so that the control can be registered with the parent form under that name.

In the context of a parent form, it's often unnecessary to include one-way or two-way binding, as the parent form syncs the value for you. You access its properties by exporting it into a local template variable using ngForm such as (#f="ngForm"). Use the variable where needed on form submission.

If you do need to populate initial values into your form, using a one-way binding for ngModel tends to be sufficient as long as you use the exported form's value rather than the domain model's value on submit.

Using ngModel within a form

The following example shows controls using ngModel within a form:

          
import {Component} from '@angular/core';import {NgForm} from '@angular/forms';@Component({  selector: 'example-app',  template: `    <form #f="ngForm" (ngSubmit)="onSubmit(f)" novalidate>      <input name="first" ngModel required #first="ngModel" />      <input name="last" ngModel />      <button>Submit</button>    </form>    <p>First name value: {{ first.value }}</p>    <p>First name valid: {{ first.valid }}</p>    <p>Form value: {{ f.value | json }}</p>    <p>Form valid: {{ f.valid }}</p>  `,  standalone: false,})export class SimpleFormComp {  onSubmit(f: NgForm) {    console.log(f.value); // { first: '', last: '' }    console.log(f.valid); // false  }}

Using a standalone ngModel within a group

The following example shows you how to use a standalone ngModel control within a form. This controls the display of the form, but doesn't contain form data.

          
<form>  <input name="login" ngModel placeholder="Login">  <input type="checkbox" ngModel [ngModelOptions]="{standalone: true}"> Show more options?</form><!-- form value: {login: ''} -->

Setting the ngModel name attribute through options

The following example shows you an alternate way to set the name attribute. Here, an attribute identified as name is used within a custom form control component. To still be able to specify the NgModel's name, you must specify it using the ngModelOptions input instead.

          
<form>  <my-custom-form-control name="Nancy" ngModel [ngModelOptions]="{name: 'user'}">  </my-custom-form-control></form><!-- form value: {user: ''} -->
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